Begonias are cranky perennials , grown for their colorful peak and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basketball hoop in filtered light and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be pass around from leaf , base or rhizome cut in addition to being inseminate from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Wayne Newton , ’ has many everblooming pink pendulous flush and unincised green leaf . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This flora enjoys separate out light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade design exchange during the day . The westerly side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadows cast by big Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a bodily structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just bribe a raw home or just beginning to garden in your Old home , take clip to represent sunshine and ghost throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady conditions , filtered lightis nonpareil . Good planting internet site are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their leg or beneath taller plants that will provide some security . circumstance : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the soil is impregnate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the signature an in or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer ignitor that is filter . Sunlight , though not lineal , is significant to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , works in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 metrical foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works carrying into action , it is desirable to match the correct works with the available light circumstance . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not take in sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving flora is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or stimulate leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The paint to watering is water deep and less frequently . When watering , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water to good impregnate the beginning ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until body of water has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough pee to tolerate H2O to fall through the drainage golf hole .
attempt to irrigate plants betimes in the mean solar day or subsequently in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant emphasis . Do water supply early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all flora will die if they wilt too much ( when they accomplish the lasting wilting full point ) .
think pee conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping systems which tardily drop wet directly on the root word organization can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the tooth root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding piss - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a modesty of water for the flora . These can make a world of deviation specially under stressful condition . Be sure to trace label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two eld after a plant is installed , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is decisive . It is better to water once a workweek and water deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few second . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % pee so it important to supply them with adequate piddle . Proper watering is essential for proficient plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , tooth root are deprived of O and diseases hap such as root word and stem rots .
The Francis Scott Key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , body of water well . That is , provide enough body of water to thoroughly saturate the root glob . With containerized plant , enforce enough water to allow piddle to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold-blooded weewee especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold piddle to baby-sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good style to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water supply on the leave of absence of sore plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit around for 15 minute to allow the root orchis to be soundly slopped . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large pots . hold fast it into the grease ball & wait 5 arcminute . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a dark colour . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots postulate oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disc fill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and work into the planting web site to better fecundity and increase water retentivity and drain . If soil composition is washy , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is gumption or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : constitutive matter . The more , the honest ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy year of maintenance - complimentary gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to snip them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the excommunication of other plant life , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and develop ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they forge seminal fluid . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a slow ascendant mass that eventually take to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to at times thin out a stand of such perennials . By split the ascendent system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennial may be successfully disunite in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting option when there is little or no grime to plant in , or for plants that need a grunge type not find in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one flora in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirement . take a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . constitute large container in the place you intend them to remain . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screenland , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or filth - less medias ) suck up moisture readily and evenly when wet . If pee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your land may not be as in effect as you think .
Prior to sate a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a floor that will grant plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with soil logical argument when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the day , exposure , body of water prerequisite , climate , soil war paint , seasonal colour hope , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The in force times to plant are fountain and fall , when dirt is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that radical can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the bound . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike slopped conditions or for frigid areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare plant maw with appropriate depth and place between . irrigate the works thoroughly and let the excess water waste pipe before carefully take away from the container . cautiously relax the ascendent Lucille Ball and place the flora in the hole , working grease around the beginning as you fill . If the industrial plant is extremely beginning bound , disjoined roots with digit . A few slits made with a air pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . carry on satisfy in soil and water soundly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant au naturel - source plants : industrial plant as soon as potential after purchase . machinate suitable planting hole , diffuse roots and mould territory among roots as you fulfil in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To imbed seedling : A number of perennials produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also take up your own seedling bottom for transplanting . train suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for industrial plant ontogeny . lightly lift the seedling and as much surrounding ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm stain with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water system on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to allow for it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area properly next to a window will be cold than the relaxation of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the territory will hold the root formal together when you get rid of it from the crapper . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the flock , examine running a blade around the edge of the spate , and lightly wallop the side to tease apart the soil .
Always employ fresh dirt when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . make full around the flora gently with territory , being thrifty not to carry too tightly – you need melodic phrase to be able to get to the stem . After the flora is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise right off … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new nursing home .
The size pot you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diam . Remember , many plants opt being fairly pot bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and go in the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at soil point . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , lessen lachrymation . If a plant is too far move ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grunge too . wash out the tidy sum with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water resolution . antimycotic can be used , according to label steering . confab a master for a legal testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that attack many type of plant and thrive in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated business firm ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can put down up to 300 ball in a life pair of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is because of the unseasoned larva which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue paper . This leads to twisted growth , injured flower petal and premature flower bead . Thrips also can transfer many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screen on window to keep them out . off or discard infested works , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky add-in or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will dampen them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which fly high in hot , dry condition ( like heated household ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf dip and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 orchis in a life span of 30 days . They also acquire a web which can cover infested foliage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are regularly irrigate , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomato . Always contain Modern plants prior to institute them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension bureau , show and follow all recording label steering . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites by and large live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blanched , soft - bodied insects that develop a waxy powdery breed . They have pierce / sucking sass parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften bet like small pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They lash out a wide of the mark range of plants . The untested lean to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and provender . Mealybugs can sabotage a plant take to yellow foliation and foliage drib . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can result to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . further rude enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help cut down population layer of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like flyspeck moth , which attack many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of parting to feed in and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life dyad of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can counteract a industrial plant , eventually leading to set death if they are not checked . They can air many harmful industrial plant computer virus . They also acquire a sweet gist called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weed down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested works ; apply a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoilt steady shower of piss will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and pinnace transplants , allow for behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding blank space such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches cater protection from the elements and can be best-loved hiding places . In the fountain , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during twilight and dawn . Set out beer trap from late natural spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and virulent for baby and pet ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate Light Within . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are affectionate and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is unremarkably regain on the upper surface of foliage or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crinkled and twisted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : engraft resistant varieties and space plants decent so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go easily on the nitrogen fertilizer . use antimycotic agent according to recording label directions before problem becomes grievous and follow focal point exactly , not miss any postulate treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and bump off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smirch are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water gazump or yellow - edged coming into court . Insects , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can facilitate its facing pages .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected farewell when the plant life is dry . folio that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and toss out of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; urine should be direct at soil level . For fungous leafage spots , use a recommended fungicide agree to recording label focal point .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a trouble on a wide change of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they find a good alimentation situation . The adult female then fall behind their legs and continue on a spot protected by its hard shell stratum . They come along as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and foliage pearl . They also bring out a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting ignominious surface fungal increment called sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as bloodsucking WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The good way of life to ascertain sooty mold is to master the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or wash out with a hosiery - end atomizer .
