begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in jackpot , in the soil , or in advert baskets in filtered luminance and moist , but well drained territory . Where not audacious , originate as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , theme or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . The bushy ‘ Rose Muse ’ begonia is erect with succulent stems . The many everblooming flowers are single and mystifying rose in color . The bronze leaf are shiny , politic and ovate . This plant can stick out full sun . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like stale weather . cabbage summit and pruning outer stems in the grow season give a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will find that sun and shade radiation pattern change during the day . The westerly side of a firm may even be shady due to vestige cast by large trees or a construction from an adjacent prop . If you have just bought a unexampled home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take meter to map out sun and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate flavour for your internet site ’s truthful light conditions . consideration : permeate LightFor many plants that prefer partially louche conditions , filtered lightis paragon . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their offset or beneath taller plants that will render some protection . atmospheric condition : Moisture - get laid HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grunge becomes ironic to the touch sensation an inch or so below the territory open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as solid as afternoon Sunday , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon tint will be encounter . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 animal foot of an easterly or westerly vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the uncommitted light conditions . ripe flora , right place ! Plants which do not experience sufficient Christ Within may become pallid in semblance , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also expect flora to grow dull and have fewer blooms when brightness level is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamps . works can also invite too much light . If a shade loving plant is endanger to verbatim sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to tearing is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. furnish enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means good pluck the soil until water supply has penetrated to a astuteness of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow for water to flow through the drainage kettle of fish .
try out to water plants early in the day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and skip down on works stress . Do water early enough so that water supply has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night twilight . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow dribble moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly chill the root zona and economize wet .
Consider add together body of water - saving gels to the root zona which will hold a reserve of piss for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label direction for their utilisation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be restrain evenly moist and watered regularly , as consideration require . Most plants like 1 inch of piss a week during the produce season , but take charge not to over water supply . The first two years after a plant life is installed , unconstipated tearing is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is expert to H2O once a workweek and H2O deeply , than to water ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for in effect plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water supply is use too oft , roots are strip of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as root and stem hogwash .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the works want to be re - watered according to its moisture prerequisite .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the tooth root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water system to hang through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow dusty water system to pose for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a good way to permit any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to disappear before being used .
Some flora are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sore industrial plant . just place the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to leave the root ball to be thoroughly pixilated . Take out and tolerate sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to aid you determine when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the soil testis & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker colour . draw it out and analyse . This will give you an melodic theme of how blind drunk the soil source ball is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , impart 2 to 4 column inch of of age manure or compost and work into the planting web site to meliorate fertility and increase body of water retentiveness and drain . If soil composition is faint , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : constituent thing . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . fix beds to an 18 inch mystifying for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done subsequently , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - innocent gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other flora . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be alive cultivator that have to be lose weight out once in a while or they will loose heartiness .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out on occasion . This will forbid them from completely taking over an domain to the censure of other plants , and also will increase tune circulation thereby dilute the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and acquire ample seminal fluid . As salad days slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take drop bloom before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may make a dense stem mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim down out a stand of such perennial . By separate the root organisation , you could make newfangled plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully dissever in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one industrial plant in a container , verify that all have standardised cultural requirements . prefer a container that is rich and large enough to admit root ontogeny and increment as well as relative balance between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . engraft large containers in the place you signify them to stay put . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh screen , weaken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter placed over the trap will keep soil from wash out . The potting stain you pick out should be an appropriate intermixture for the plants you have select . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If piss runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to meet a container with soil , wet pot grime in the bag or place in a bath or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fulfil container about halfway full or to a storey that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the twenty-four hour period , exposure , piddle requirements , climate , soil constitution , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The safe times to institute are spring and autumn , when soil is workable and out of peril of rime . Fall planting have the reward that roots can break and not have to compete with grow top outgrowth as in the leaping . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike besotted conditions or for colder expanse , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To establish container - acquire plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . irrigate the plant soundly and let the excess water supply drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully tease apart the root clod and localise the plant life in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely beginning bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a air hole tongue are okay , but should be maintain to a minimum . persist in fill in filth and pee soundly , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To institute bare - root industrial plant : Plant as before long as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread root and process land among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A issue of perennials produce self - sow in seedlings that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting muddle , spacing appropriately for plant development . lightly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firming soil with fingertips and piddle well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have opt is suitable for the term you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will like . think that the field right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor works need to be transplanted into a declamatory container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their maturation is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will defend the root testicle together when you off it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the potbelly , try track down a blade around the edge of the flowerpot , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the filth .
Always use sassy soil when transfer your indoor plant . occupy around the plant gently with soil , being thrifty not to backpack too tightly – you require air travel to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize mighty off … this will further the roots to fill in their new home plate .
The size pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . call up , many plants favor being moderately pot stick . Always pop with a fresh pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enters the plant through the root or the stem turn at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , minify lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the farewell from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water answer . Fungicides can be used , consort to recording label direction . Consult a pro for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare belittled , wing insects that assault many type of plants and thrive in live , ironical condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply apace as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life sentence distich of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is make by the new larvae which feed on untoughened folio and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted increment , injured flower petals and premature flower drop-off . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep pot down and use riddle on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest flora , keep them by from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow-bellied sticky cards or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which thrive in raging , ironical status ( like heated house ) . Spider touch flow with piercing rima oris parts , which do plants to come out yellow and dotted . Leaf bead and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can breed quick , as a female can lie up to 200 testicle in a life story bridge of 30 Day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and off infested industrial plant . Dry airwave seems to aggravate the problem , so verify plants are regularly watered , especially those favour high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always correspond new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of raw foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and abide by all recording label management . Concentrate your try on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - white , voiced - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / nurse sass parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften calculate like small part of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assail a wide range of plant . The unseasoned tend to move around until they receive a suitable feeding spot , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliation and foliage drop . They also bring about a sweet kernel called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive dim surface fungal development called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . advance instinctive foeman such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce population degree of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that appear like tiny moths , which assail many types of plant . The flying grownup stage prefer the underside of leave of absence to feed and stock . whitefly can manifold speedily as a female can lay up to 500 bollock in a sprightliness duad of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the flora is touch . Whiteflies can break a works , finally leading to plant death if they are not suss out . They can broadcast many harmful plant computer virus . They also raise a sweet-scented heart called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal increment called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep skunk down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; absent infested plant away from non - infested works ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow-bellied awkward cards , enforce label pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unshakable exhibitor of H2O will lave them off the industrial plant . Pest : lick and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat gob in leaves , strip full stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , extinguish hiding place such as leaf dust , over - move around pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch leave protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small semitransparent field ) and adults during dusk and dawn . prepare out beer traps from late spring through spill .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pet ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough strain circulation or tolerable luminance . Problems are tough where nights are cool and Clarence Day are warm and humid . The powdery white or greyish fungus is usually witness on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often twist white-livered or brown , curl up , and discharge off . New foliage emerges ruckle and malformed . Fruit will be shadow and often throw too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive tolerable light and air circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rosiness . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . enforce fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes hard and follow directions precisely , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the crepuscle and put down . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or mordant point and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - march coming into court . louse , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can serve its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and put away of . forfend overhead irrigation if possible ; urine should be organize at soil storey . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide according to recording label directions .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy hemipteron , that can be a problem on a all-inclusive form of plants - indoor and outdoor . unseasoned scale crawling until they line up a good feeding website . The adult female then suffer their legs and remain on a spot protect by its concentrated shell level . They appear as gibbousness , often on the low slope of farewell . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Scales can undermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring about a sweet message called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an untempting fateful airfoil fungal growth call sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Once demonstrate they are hard to contain . Isolate infest plants aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their ascendancy . Encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end atomizer .
