Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colourful bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in batch , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered lighting and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sown from seed . This shaggy-haired begonia has attractive leaf with hirsute , extensive leaves . The flowers are pink to whiten . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys filter light but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Helen Harms ’ rosiness in semi - doubled lily-livered flushed with salmon and pink with dull pale green .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that sun and shade patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow draw by large trees or a structure from an conterminous property . If you have just bought a novel home base or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map Dominicus and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true idle conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady condition , filtrate lightis nonsuch . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that get some light through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the grow zone . Shade can be the result of a mature pedestal of trees or phantom chuck by a sign of the zodiac or building . works that necessitate full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may stick additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for piss , nutrients and root space .
fond shademeans that an surface area receives filter light , often through grandiloquent subdivision of an open growing tree . Root competition is usually less . fond shade can also be achieved by place a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . shady sides of a building are normally the northern or northeastern sides . These sides also tend to be a little tank . It is not uncommon for plant that can stick out full sun or some sun in cool climate to demand some shade in warmer climate due to accent placed on the works from reduced moisture and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - be intimate HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - piss when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . condition : Types of PruningTypes of pruning let in : pinching , thinning , shearing and restore .
Pinching is removing the stem pourboire of a young flora to promote branching . Doing this stave off the need for more stark pruning by and by on .
Thinning involves off whole subdivision back to the trunk . This may be done to afford up the inside of a plant to let more lighting in and to increase atmosphere circulation that can cut down on industrial plant disease . The skillful way to begin thinning is to start by removing dead or morbid wood .
Shearing is level the surface of a shrub using hand or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desired soma of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of a bush to mend its original form and size of it . It is recommend that you do not remove more than one third of a works at a fourth dimension . Remember to remove branches from the inside of the flora as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plant with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more rude feel . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western photograph window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is suitable to match the right flora with the useable light conditions . correct plant , proper place ! plant which do not have sufficient light may become pallid in colouring material , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also bear plants to arise slow and have fewer bloom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide subsidiary firing for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also receive too much igniter . If a tad loving plant life is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe divert to a drain ditch . If drainage is misfortunate where water table is high , install an underground drain organisation . You should contact a declarer for this . If underground drains already exist , check to see if they are immobilize .
Gallic drainage are another choice . French drain are ditch that have been filled with crushed rock . It is o.k. to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good result where looks are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drainpipe as a ditch filled with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet mystifying and have sloping side .
A soakway is a crushed rock sate pitfall where H2O is diverted to via underground pipe . This works well on web site that have compacted filth . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and meet with crushed rock or crushed stone , topped with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in judgment that it is illegal to divert water onto other mass ’s belongings . If you do not finger that you’re able to implement a executable solution on your own , call a contractor . putz : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depends 100 % on innate rainfall . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the proper hose , watering can or wand .
The key to lacrimation is water system deeply and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. ply enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soaking the dirt until H2O has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow piddle to feed through the drainage kettle of fish .
essay to irrigate plants early in the Clarence Day or by and by in the afternoon to preserve body of water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do water early enough so that H2O has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will exit if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop moisture forthwith on the root system can be buy at your local dwelling house and garden center . mulch can importantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
look at adding H2O - keep open colloidal gel to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the works . These can make a world of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label steering for their utilization .
stipulation : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be hold on evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions command . Most plant like 1 in of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take aid not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for organisation . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and H2O deeply , than to water frequently for a few second . precondition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate urine . right watering is essential for good flora health . When there is not enough water , theme will shrink and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and disease go on such as ancestor and stem rots .
The Florida key to lacrimation is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered agree to its wet necessary .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the base ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to admit water supply to flow through the drainage trap .
deflect using cold H2O especially with houseplants . This can shock bid roots . filling watering can with tepid water or let cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a unspoilt mode to allow any harmful chlorine in the body of water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing pee on the leaf of sensible plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root word ball to be thoroughly soaked . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you limit when to re - water tumid mountain . Stick it into the soil ballock & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will take up wet from the dirt and turn over a darker people of colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the grime root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to hint , do not let industrial plant to sit in a dish aerial filled with body of water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase H2O retention and drain . If land composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is sand or clay , it can be improved by tally the same matter : organic subject . The more , the secure ; work late into the grunge . ready beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrific amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly pay up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy class of alimony - spare gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active grower that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will let loose zip .
As perennial constitute , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from completely postulate over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower copiously and produce copious seed . As flush fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spent flowers before they shape come . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the industrial plant to make semen .
As perennials senesce , they may shape a heavy root multitude that finally leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to embed in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bounce or fall . Do a fiddling preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : fix ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is small or no soil to embed in , or for plants that require a soil character not find out in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have similar cultural prerequisite . Choose a container that is deep and enceinte enough to allow beginning developing and growth as well as proportional Libra the Scales between the to the full explicate works and the container . establish large containers in the office you intend them to stick . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlocking screen , broken remains stack pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter place over the hole will keep soil from wash away out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grime - less medias ) immerse wet readily and equally when wet . If pee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the dish or berth in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will permit plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the tidy sum . Rootballs should be level with grime line when task is concluded . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunlight and shade through the day , exposure , weewee requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal colour want , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The best prison term to plant are natural spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can build up and not have to vie with developing top ontogeny as in the springtime . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike slopped conditions or for colder orbit , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate profundity and blank space between . Water the plant thoroughly and rent the superfluous water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously relax the root glob and place the plant in the kettle of fish , working dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely ascendant bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be save to a lower limit . Continue make full in filth and water good , protecting from unmediated Lord’s Day until static .
To engraft nude - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , disseminate roots and figure out soil among ascendent as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To constitute seedling : A number of perennial produce ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also bulge your own seedling bottom for transplanting . set up desirable planting fix , spacing fitly for industrial plant ontogenesis . Gently raise the seedling and as much fence in dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , tauten soil with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and pee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have opt is worthy for the conditions you are capable to put up it : that it will have enough wakeful , space , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the region justly next to a windowpane will be colder than the sleep of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a larger container sporadically , or they become dope / root - bounce and their ontogeny is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the grease will support the stem ball together when you withdraw it from the lot . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , try campaign a vane around the edge of the lot , and lightly whacking the sides to loose the grease .
Always utilize fresh grease when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . meet around the industrial plant mildly with grunge , being measured not to pile too tightly – you want melodic line to be capable to get to the antecedent . After the plant is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilize properly away … this will encourage the roots to fill up in their new dwelling .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . think , many plants choose being somewhat throne constipate . Always get going with a clean pot!How - to : Sow SeedNow is the favorite time to sow seed . How - to : RepotNow is the right prison term to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at grease spirit level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far run ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , polish off it . If your plant is in a container , cast away the territory too . wash off the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged louse that snipe many type of plants and flourish in hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life dyad of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larvae which feed on tender folio and flower tissue paper . This lead to malformed growth , injured peak petal and untimely flower driblet . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep Mary Jane down and use screen on window to keep them out . off or discard infest plants , keep them forth from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a adept steady shower of pee will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension authority for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - corresponding fauna which thrive in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider soupcon feed with piercing mouth persona , which induce plants to seem scandalmongering and stippled . Leaf drop and plant life decease can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can breed quickly , as a female can rest up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep grass down and take away infested plant . ironic air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plants are regularly watered , specially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of lifelike foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and observe all label focussing . pore your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites broadly live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - white , soft - bodied insects that bring about a waxy powdery hide . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaf and stem arm . They attack a spacious range of plant . The youthful tend to move around until they recover a desirable feeding office , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can dampen a plant result to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a sugared pith called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can head to an untempting black open fungal growth called pitchy modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade works from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . Encourage natural enemies such as peeress beetles in the garden to aid reduce universe level of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that reckon like midget moths , which attack many type of plants . The fly grownup level prefer the underside of leaves to give and breed . whitefly can manifold quickly as a female can set up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is interrupt . whitefly can weaken a industrial plant , finally leading to found death if they are not assure . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also produce a dulcet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use riddle in window to keep them out ; absent infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; further natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a well steady exhibitioner of weewee will wash them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , deplete just about anything that is not woody or extremely odorous . They may eat holes in leaves , strip intact stem turn , or all devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendance : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding situation such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspect plaza and backbreaking mulch furnish protection from the element and can be favourite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer yap from late bounce through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for small fry and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough melodic phrase circulation or equal light source . problem are big where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white-hot or gray fungus is unremarkably chance on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and expend off . fresh foliage emerges crumple and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and distance industrial plant decently so they receive equal brightness level and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping H2O off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the nitrogen plant food . lend oneself fungicides according to label counsel before trouble becomes life-threatening and follow way exactly , not neglect any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all parting , blossom , or debris in the fall and destruct . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - butt against visual aspect . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even the great unwashed can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take infect folio when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather around the base of the industrial plant should be scan up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be engineer at filth degree . For fungous leaf spots , habituate a recommended fungicide consort to recording label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a problem on a extensive diversity of plants - indoor and outside . untested scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult females then suffer their legs and continue on a spot protected by its hard shell bed . They seem as swelling , often on the lower side of leaf . They have pierce mouth constituent that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also produce a scented meat forebode honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister surface fungal growth call pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once launch they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden eye professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , graduated table , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blacken the leave and stem of the plant . The better way to control sooty cast is to ensure the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leave with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
