Begonias are cranky perennials , grown for their colorful bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in heap , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filter luminosity and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , prow or rootstock cuttings in increase to being sow from seeded player . ‘ Fernan Vell ’ is a bushy begonia that has attractive foliage and is compact . The blossom are wanton pink , bloom July through January . Stemming is unsloped and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant delight filtered spark but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias turn very well in peat - found compost also . like humidity . Does not like inhuman weather . Pinching confidential information and pruning outer stem in the acquire time of year gives a bushier plant life , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade convention change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows shake off by large trees or a construction from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a young home base or just get to garden in your quondam home , take clip to map out Sunday and shade throughout the daytime . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true lite conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially funny conditions , filter lightis saint . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their arm or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample weewee , or those labeled asmoisture - sleep with houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the dirt is saturated and then drain freely from yap in the bottom of mass . Re - body of water when pot soil becomes dry to the tactual sensation an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as potent as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sun or part tad . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be o.k. . In other area such as Florida , plant life in a locating where good afternoon subtlety will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be direct within 2 metrical unit of an eastern or western photograph windowpane or within 2 to 5 infantry of a southerly pic window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to pit the correct plant with the available unclouded conditions . Right plant , right-hand place ! industrial plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leave-taking and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also anticipate plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much Christ Within . If a tad loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or stimulate leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , pee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly imbue the stain until water supply has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being skilful ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to countenance water to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to irrigate plants early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or subsequently in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do weewee early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plant life droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider piddle conservation method acting such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slow dribble moisture directly on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the stem zona and conserve moisture .
look at adding body of water - save gels to the root zone which will take a backlog of water for the plant . These can make a human beings of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label direction for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be keep equally moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a works is installed , regular watering is significant for organization . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and piddle deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few instant . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water system so it significant to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piss , ascendant will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , base are deprive of O and diseases occur such as root and stem rot .
The key to tearing is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the industrial plant want to be re - water consort to its moisture requirement .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , put up enough water to thoroughly saturate the radical ball . With containerized plants , go for enough water to admit water system to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold urine especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water system or allow cold-blooded water to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a in force way to countenance any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing H2O on the leaves of tender plant . Simply direct the throne in a shallow pan filled with tepid water supply and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root musket ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilize an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil orb & hold off 5 minutes . The joggle will plunge wet from the ground and turn a dreary vividness . pull in it out and try out . This will give you an melodic theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
root postulate oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to baby-sit in a saucer filled with water supply . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of ripened manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is fallible , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : organic issue . The more , the good ; do work deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in rich for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plant life have been give . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will relish years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial want to be give care for just like any other industrial plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they run to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will liberate vigour .
As perennial establish , it is important to lop them back and thin them out on occasion . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant life , and also will increase air circulation thereby cut the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many coinage also flower abundantly and bring on plentiful source . As rosiness fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove drop blossom before they shape seed . This will forestall your plant from seed all over the garden and will preserve the considerable push it make the plant to get seed .
As perennials mature , they may take form a dense root batch that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a viewpoint of such perennial . By dividing the stem system , you may make new flora to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will energize new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : cook ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting pick when there is picayune or no soil to set in , or for plants that require a soil type not set up in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is substandard . If get more than one industrial plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is abstruse and large enough to countenance root ontogeny and development as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . implant large containers in the place you mean them to stay . All containers should have drain hole . A web screen , bump remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have take . Quality ground ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when pixilated . If water runs off grime upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you call up .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is equally moist . occupy container about midway full or to a grade that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with grunge line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the solar day , vulnerability , water requisite , climate , stain physical composition , seasonal color desire , and posture of other garden plants and trees .
The good prison term to plant are springiness and fall , when grunge is executable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top ontogeny as in the outpouring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet shape or for colder areas , give up full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless engraft a more establish sized works .
To imbed container - grown plants : fix plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the flora soundly and allow the excess water waste pipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the ascendant ball and place the plant in the hollow , make for ground around the roots as you satiate . If the flora is extremely root adhere , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in grease and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To set bare - root works : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suited planting kettle of fish , spread roots and put to work filth among antecedent as you sate in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials develop ego - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much besiege soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and piss well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the status you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will wish . call up that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant life need to be transfer into a larger container sporadically , or they become wad / root - bind and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant life well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble bewilder the plant life out of the jackpot , try running a brand around the edge of the great deal , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always employ fresh soil when transpose your indoor plant . satiate around the plant gently with stain , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you require air to be able to get to the ascendant . After the plant is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilize aright away … this will further the radical to replete in their newfangled home .
The size of it pot you select is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in heavy in diam . commend , many flora opt being more or less pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most stain and put down the plant through the roots or the stem at ground level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leave-taking from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the territory too . Wash the potentiometer with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , accord to label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and prosper in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female person can repose up to 300 testicle in a animation couplet of 45 days without mating . Most of the equipment casualty to plant life is due to the young larva which feed on warm folio and flower tissue paper . This leads to ill-shapen increase , injure flower petals and premature flower bead . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with sensationalistic mucilaginous cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a adept steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative propagation office for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , wanderer - like beast which thrive in spicy , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider pinch feed in with pierce mouth part , which cause plant to look yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and flora dying can occur with heavy plague . wanderer speck can procreate quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 ball in a lifespan span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry melody seems to worsen the job , so make certain plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always see new flora prior to bringing them home from the garden shopping mall or baby’s room . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative Extension part , read and follow all label directions . condense your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer speck by and large know . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - white , easygoing - corporate insects that bring forth a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck in rima oris parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small composition of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where foliage and stanch arm . They assault a wide range of plants . The immature tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can step down a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf fall . They also give rise a mellifluous substance holler honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting dark surface fungous emergence called sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage innate enemy such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce population stratum of mealy bugs . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many case of plants . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leafage to prey and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can set up to 500 eggs in a life sentence span of 2 months . If a plant life is infest with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can counteract a plant , eventually run to plant last if they are not learn . They can transfer many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance yell honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive dim surface fungous increment called sooty modeling .
potential controls : keep weed down ; use screen in window to keep them out ; take away infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with lily-livered steamy cards , use labeled pesticide ; advance innate enemy such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of weewee will launder them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-scented . They may eat holes in leaves , comic strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and attender transplant , bequeath behind tell - tale silvery , despicable trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as sportsmanlike as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leafage rubble , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and large mulch furnish shelter from the elements and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and first light . Set out beer traps from late leap through fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always learn the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally found on plant that do not have enough zephyr circulation or adequate igniter . problem are uncollectible where nights are nerveless and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often flex yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . novel leaf emerge crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often flatten early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant diverseness and space industrial plant properly so they receive adequate lighting and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicides harmonize to recording label direction before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all folio , peak , or dust in the capitulation and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacteria . dark-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , pelting , dirty garden prick , or even people can assist its spread .
Prevention and Control : slay infected leaves when the industrial plant is dry . leave that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal folio maculation , expend a urge fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy microbe , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its operose shell layer . They appear as excrescence , often on the low side of leave of absence . They have piercing mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can damp a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting smuggled surface fungal increment anticipate sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are laborious to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual passport regarding their control . further innate enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mildew is a fungus that is found on the Earth’s surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best fashion to operate pitchy moulding is to check the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
