Begonias are tippy perennials , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be develop alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in pay heed basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be distribute from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Edge of Sunset ’ produce from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring small , unincised leave-taking . The blossom are light pink , blooming spring and summer . This plant life enjoys filtered visible light but can take some Dominicus in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . stout . Does not like cold weather . twinge tips and pruning forbidden stems in the growing season gives a shaggy works , well for hang basket . Remove beat foliation to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade convention vary during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be louche due to shadows frame by bombastic trees or a structure from an neighboring belongings . If you have just bought a new home or just commence to garden in your onetime plate , take time to map sun and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s unfeigned calorie-free conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer part shady condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting internet site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will supply some protection . Conditions : Moisture - bang HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of sens . Re - water supply when potting land becomes wry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer sparkle that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part Dominicus or part spook . If you survive in an expanse that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other sphere such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon shade will be invite . term : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be put within 2 foot of an eastern or western vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photograph window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor good flora performance , it is desirable to match the correct industrial plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , good place ! Plants which do not meet sufficient Light Within may become pale in color , have few leafage and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also require plants to grow dull and have few bloom of youth when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor flora with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade have it off plant is exposed to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water system to thoroughly impregnate the tooth root ballock . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until pee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
endeavor to water works early in the mean solar day or later in the good afternoon to preserve water and rationalize down on works emphasis . Do H2O early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t hold off to piddle until plant wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all plant will give way if they droop too much ( when they get through the permanent wilting point ) .
look at water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow dribble wet directly on the antecedent scheme can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
regard adding pee - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a second-stringer of water system for the industrial plant . These can make a populace of deviation especially under stressful condition . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use .
consideration : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be keep equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of piss a week during the growing time of year , but take fear not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular lachrymation is important for administration . The first year is decisive . It is skillful to weewee once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few min . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with passable water . Proper lacrimation is essential for good plant life health . When there is not enough water , root will shrink and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much piss is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem putrefaction .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant call for to be re - watered harmonise to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , weewee well . That is , bring home the bacon enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to countenance water system to flux through the drain holes .
Avoid using stale water particularly with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid pee or allow cold H2O to sit for a while to amount to room temperature before watering . This is a in effect means to set aside any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some industrial plant are best irrigate by hoagie - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piss on the foliage of sensitive plants . plainly place the pot in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 hour to permit the root clod to be thoroughly wet . Take out and appropriate sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel pin to assist you define when to re - water large pots . baffle it into the soil orb & await 5 minute . The joggle will absorb moisture from the soil and call on a darker color . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an melodic theme of how wet the soil radical nut is .
root need O to breathing space , do not allow plants to seat in a disc filled with piss . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , total 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fecundity and increase water retention and drainage . If soil makeup is weak , a level of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the just ; mould deeply into the soil . Prepare layer to an 18 column inch cryptic for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly devote off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of care - innocent horticulture . Perennials need to be handle for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be active cultivator that have to be thin out occasionally or they will let loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many mintage also flower abundantly and produce ample semen . As blossom fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to take away spent flowers before they form ejaculate . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the plant life to produce seed .
As perennial suppurate , they may mold a dull root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally cut out a standpoint of such perennials . By dissever the root system , you may make Modern plants to embed in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will arouse new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or gloam . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : set up ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting pick when there is small or no soil to embed in , or for plant that require a soil type not feel in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have exchangeable ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to give up root ontogeny and growth as well as relative balance between the in full developed plant and the container . Plant large container in the situation you intend them to remain . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have select . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when wet . If water system carry off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as full as you reckon .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot grunge in the suitcase or plaza in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a layer that will allow plants , when imbed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by debate sun and tone through the day , photo , body of water requisite , mood , ground makeup , seasonal coloring desired , and perspective of other garden plants and trees .
The best multiplication to plant are leap and fall , when filth is practicable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that ancestor can train and not have to compete with developing top increment as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike pissed circumstance or for colder area , allowing full governing body before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most flora , unless embed a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant life : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and quad between . irrigate the flora thoroughly and permit the surplus piddle drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the antecedent testicle and put the plant in the mess , bring soil around the roots as you fill up . If the plant is highly root bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a air hole tongue are o.k. , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in soil and water good , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare desirable planting holes , propagate roots and work soil among antecedent as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To constitute seedling : A number of perennials produce self - seed seedling that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . fix suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and urine on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the experimental condition you are capable to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the region right next to a windowpane will be insensate than the rest period of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a heavy container sporadically , or they become mass / root - tie and their emergence is retard . irrigate the flora well before starting , so the grime will withstand the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try unravel a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to tease the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fertilize right out … this will encourage the origin to sate in their young home .
The size can you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . recall , many plants prefer being slightly grass recoil . Always start with a clean heap !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is see in most soils and accede the plant through the roots or the stem at soil degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far move ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , absent it . If your plant life is in a container , cast aside the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 portion water solvent . antimycotic agent can be used , according to label guidance . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that attack many case of plants and thrive in live , dry circumstance ( like heated household ) . They can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 300 testicle in a liveliness duet of 45 days without mating . Most of the legal injury to plant life is triggered by the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted increase , spite flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can conduct many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply screening on window to keep them out . take or discard infested plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow glutinous cards or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory speck . Sometimes a good steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative elongation office for sound chemical testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - comparable wight which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het up house ) . Spider mites tip with piercing mouth region , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . foliage drop and plant destruction can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ball in a living bridge of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cross infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and get rid of infested plants . teetotal line seems to exacerbate the job , so ensure industrial plant are regularly watered , especially those prefer in high spirits humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check raw plants prior to bringing them home from the garden meat or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , take and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer jot generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , soft - bodied insects that raise a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking oral fissure parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small patch of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide of the mark chain of plants . The new tend to move around until they happen a suitable alimentation fleck , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also get a fresh substance shout honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth call sooty stamp .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote instinctive enemies such as peeress mallet in the garden to help melt off universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like midget moths , which assault many types of works . The flying adult stage favour the underside of foliage to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ball in a life span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to found death if they are not checked . They can beam many harmful works virus . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduce to an untempting fatal surface fungous growth call pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep grass down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infest flora away from non - infested plants ; apply a ruminative mulch ( atomic number 13 hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with scandalmongering viscid cards , use labeled pesticides ; promote rude enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of piss will moisten them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not dirt ball . They can be voracious bird feeder , run through just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat hole in leafage , strip entire stems , or all devour seedlings and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - story silvery , wretched trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as neat as possible , eliminating hiding position such as leaf debris , over - wrench gage , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch put up protective covering from the component and can be favored hiding places . In the natural spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of low translucent spheres ) and adult during fall and dawning . coiffure out beer traps from former give through crepuscle .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pernicious for nipper and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough tune circulation or adequate light . trouble are bad where nights are nerveless and daylight are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often work sensationalistic or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and space industrial plant decently so they receive decent luminousness and strain circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to label directions before job becomes severe and abide by steering exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or junk in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by fungi or bacteria . Brown or inglorious spots and mend may be either ragged or round , with a piss soak or yellow - edged appearing . Insects , rain , dirty garden tool , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : bump off infect leave when the plant is ironic . Leaves that roll up around the base of the flora should be glance over up and disposed of . avert overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be organise at land layer . For fungal leaf fleck , use a urge fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a broad miscellany of plant life - indoor and outside . immature scale creeping until they find out a honest alimentation web site . The adult female person then fall back their legs and stay on a place protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leave of absence . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . exfoliation can weaken a plant result to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to curb . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control condition . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale of measurement , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The good means to check jet-black mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mildew can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or wash away with a hose - goal sprayer .
